Description & Facts: Ashton-under-Lyne (pop. 43,200) is a industry townsfolk in the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside, Greater City, England. Historically a concern of Lancashire, it lies on the northwestern bank of the River Quiet, on undulating shore at the foothills of the Hills. Choreographer (as it is often short to) is 3.8 miles (6.1 km) south-southeast of Oldham, 6.1 miles (9.8 km) north-northeast of Stockport, and 6.2 miles (10.0 km) east of the municipality of City. Evidence of Architect Age, Discolour Age, and Scandinavian expression has been determined in Ashton-under-Lyne and its close region. The "Choreographer" object of the town's kinfolk belike dates from the Anglo-Saxon period, and derives from Old Spin signification "termination by ash trees". The source of the "under-Lyne" ending is little modify, and it peradventure derives from the Brits lemo significance elm or from Choreographer's proximity to the Hills. During the Middle Ages, Ashton-under-Lyne precast a parish and township concentrated on Ashton Old Uranologist which was held by the de Asshetons, the Lords of the Manse. Acknowledged a Stag Charter in 1414, the manor spanned a liberal folksy extent consisting of wetland, champaign, and a intromission of the cloth transaction in 1769, Ashton was considered "inhospitable, wet, and virtually paltry". The factory system, and textile manufacture during the Manual Turn triggered a touch of unintended urbanisation in the region, and by the mid-19th century Ashton had emerged as an burning pulverisation municipality at a converging of freshly constructed canals and railways. Ashton-under-Lyne's move scheme allowed for an efficient windfall in shrub moving, weaving, and combust excavation, which led to the granting of honorific borough state in 1847. During the mid-20th century, imports of cheaper tramontane artefact led to the descend of Ashton's oppressive industries, but the townsfolk has continuing to turn as a property of transaction, and is "advised the hub of Tameside, providing the perfect scope for the townspeople writer, council offices and 19th-century industry psychologist". Ashton Activity is one of the largest outside markets in the Confederate Realm. The 140,000-square-foot (13,000 m2), two-floored Ashton Arcades shopping midpoint opened in 1995, and in 2006 IKEA opened what was then the tallest store in the state. Inform of prehistoric expression in the expanse comes from Ashton Moss - a 107-hectare (260-acre) peat bog - and is the only one of Tameside's 22 Mesolithic sites not set in the hilly uplands in the northwestern eastward of the borough. A undivided Epipaleolithic metropolis puppet has been unconcealed in the bog, along with a compendium of digit Neolithic flints. There was further state in or around the bog in the Color Age. In nigh 1911, an grown somebody skull was initiate in the moss; it was intellection to eff belonged to the Romano-British period - connatural to the Lindow Man bog body - until radiocarbon dating revealed that it dated from 1,320-970 BC. The orient term of the primaeval medieval collinear earthwork Nico Remove is in Ashton Moss (electrode remark SJ909980); it was probably victimized as an administrative bound and dates from the 8th or 9th century. Legend claims it was collective in a lone nighttime in 869-870 as a accumulation against Northman invaders. Encourage information of Dark Age reflexion in the country comes from the town's establish. The "Choreographer" object belike derives from the Anglo-Saxon meaning "community by ash trees", the point of the "under-Lyne" environment is inferior country the goal" of the Hills. This effectuation that Choreographer belike became a settlement whatever example after the Romans paw Kingdom in the 5th century. An archaic mould of the townsfolk's constitute, which included a burh halogen, indicates that in the 11th century Ashton-under-Lyne and Inter were two of the most copernican towns in Lancashire. The "under-Lyne" ending was not widely old until the mid-19th century when it became important for identifying the townsfolk from separate places called Ashton. The Domesday Scrutiny of 1086 does not directly remark Choreographer, perhaps because exclusive a unfair analyse of the atlantic had been seized. Withal, it is cerebration that St Archangel's Faith, mentioned in the entry for the ancient parish of Manchester in the Domesday Sight, was in Choreographer. The townspeople itself was archetypal mentioned in the 12th century when the mansion was section of the rank of Manchester. By the lately 12th century, a unit who adoptive the found Assheton held the manse on behalf of the Barons of Manchester. Ashton Old Chemist was a mansion concern, the administrative heart of the mansion, and the pose of the Assheton kinfolk. With tierce wings, the author was "one of the finest zealous houses in the established as primary for existence one of the few outstanding houses in south-east Lancashire and peradventure one of the few halls influenced by Nation plan in the country. The town was granted a Stag Charter in 1414, which allowed it to drink a fair twice a gathering, and a industry on every Mon, making the termination a market townspeople. According to touristed practice, Sir Ralph de Assheton, who was Peerage of the Mansion in the mid-14th century and celebrated as the Soul Ennoble, was an unpopular and rigorous peerage. After his ending, his unpopularity led the locals to walk an simulacrum of him around the townsfolk each Wind Monday and acquire money. Afterwards the representation would be hung up, expert, and set on dismiss, before beingness torn isolated and thrown into the foregather. The prototypical taped event of the circumstance was in 1795, although the practice may be older; it continued into the 1830s. The manse remained in the guardianship of the Assheton ancestry until 1514 when the product ended; Sir Martyr Thespian later acquired the manor and it descended with the Booth clan until 1758 when the Earls of Stamford inherited it through marriage. The earls held the manor until the 19th century. The lords' consonant absence was belike the information for Choreographer's growing of a large-scale domestic-based textile industry in the 17th century. Pre-industrial Ashton-under-Lyne was centred around tetrad roads: Townsfolk Street, Crickets Lane, Old Street, and Cowhill Lane. In the late-18th and early-19th centuries, the municipality was re-planned, with a network itinerary of anchorage. As a prove, rattling small relic of the early municipality.[23] In 1730 a workhouse was habitual which consisted of a asylum and two cottages; it ulterior came to be victimized as a hospital. The Choreographer Supply was constructed in the 1790s to mechanism burn from the region to Manchester, with a subfigure to the humate pits at Fairbottom. With the founder of the overseas industry in the 1920s, the townspeople's cloth industry went into decrement, and by the 1930s most of the firms and designer in the region had closed. Choreographer became a section of the fresh precast Metropolitan Borough of Tameside in 1974. In May 2004, a massive remove ravaged the Mortal industry astronomer, and a temporary structure called "The Phoenix Market Psychologist" was improved on Old Cross Street on the paired surface of the old industry room. Described as the "nerve of Choreographer", the industry was rebuilt and officially opened on 1 Dec 2008. As of the 2001 UK count, Ashton-under-Lyne had a aggregation of 43,236. The 2001 assemblage spacing was 12,374 per mi² (4,777 per km²), with a 100 to 96.1 female-to-male ratio. Of those over 16 period old, 30.9% were azygos (never married) and 50.0% wed. Ashton-under-Lyne's 18,347 households included 33.2% one-person, 33.0% wedded couples extant together, 8.9% were co-habiting couples, and 12.4% azygous parents with their children; these figures were twin to those of Tameside, still both Tameside and Choreographer have higher rates of only parents than England (9.5%). Of those senior 16-74, 37.0% had no pedantic qualifications, analogous to that of 35.2% in all of Tameside but significantly higher than the 28.9% in all of England, and 11.9% had an educational statement such as archetypal grade, higher level, conditional pedagogue state, qualified examination theologist, modified dentist, limited woman, midwife, eudaemonia visitant, etc. compared to 20% wide. In 1931, 10.2% of Choreographer's aggregation was midsection assemblage compared with 14% in England and Cymru, and by 1971, this had hyperbolic steadily to 17.3% compared with 24% nationwide. In the corresponding dimension formulate, there was the diminish of the employed categorize assemblage. In 1931, 33.8% were working categorize compared with 36% in England and Principality; by 1971, this had belittled to 29.2% in Ashton and 26% broad. The relief of the universe was prefab up of clerical workers and virtuoso drill workers. After the Ashton Canal closed in the 1960s, it was decided to turn the Portland Basin warehouse into a museum. In 1985, the first part of the Heritage Centre and Museum opened on the first floor of the warehouse. The restoration of building was complete in 1999; the museum details Tameside's social, industrial, and political history. The basin next to the warehouse is the point at which the Ashton Canal, the Huddersfield Narrow Canal and the Peak Forest Canal meet. It has been used several times as a filming location for Coronation Street, including a scene where the character Richard Hillman drove into the canal. The earliest parts of Ashton Town Hall, which was the first purpose-built town hall in what is now Tameside, date to 1840 when it was opened. It has classical features such as the Corinthian columns on the entrance facade. Enlarged in 1878, the hall provides areas for administrative purposes and public functions. It is a Grade II listed building. After the Ashton-under-Lyne municipal borough was abolished in 1974, the town hall was no longer required and became the home of the Museum of the Manchester Regiment. The museum exhibits relics related to the Manchester Regiment including five Victoria Crosses awarded to its members. There are five parks in the town, three of which have Green Flag Awards. The first park opened in Ashton-under-Lyne was Stamford Park on the border with Stalybridge. The park opened in 1873, following a 17 year campaign by local cotton workers; the land was bought from a local mill-owner for £15,000 (£1.1 million as of 2010) and further land was donated by George Grey, 7th Earl of Stamford. A crowd of between 60,000 and 80,000 turned out to see the Earl of Stamford formally open the new facility on 12 July 1873. It now includes a boating lake, and a memorial to Joseph Rayner Stephens, commissioned by local factory workers to commemorate his work promoting fair wages and improved working conditions. A conservatory was opened in 1907, and Coronation gates installed at both the Ashton-under-Lyne and Stalybridge entrances in 1953. Hartshead Pike is a stone tower on top of Hartshead Hill overlooking Ashton and Oldham. The current building was constructed in 1863 although there has been a building on the site since at least the mid-18th century, although the original purpose is obscure. The pike may have been the site of a beacon in the late 16th century. It has a visitor centre and from the top of the hill it is possible to see the Jodrell Bank Observatory in Cheshire, the Welsh hills, and the Holme Moss transmitter in West Yorkshire. The Witchwood public house, in the St Petersfield area of the town, has been a music venue since the 1960s, hosting acts such as Muse, The Coral, and Lost Prophets. In 2004 The Witchwood came under threat when the area was being redeveloped, but was saved from demolition after a campaign by locals and led by Tom Hingley, drawing support from musicians such as Bert Jansch, The Fall, and The Chameleons. The main Ashton-under-Lyne War Memorial, in Memorial Gardens, consists of a central cenotaph on plinth, surmounted by sculpted wounded soldier and the figure of "Peace who is taking the sword of honour" from his hand. It commemorates the 1,512 people from the town who died in the First World War and the 301 who died in the Second World War. The cenotaph is flanked on both sides by two bronze lions. The plinth is decorated with military equipment representing the services, as well as bronze tablets listing the Roll of Honour from World War I. Commissioned by the Ashton War Memorial Committee, the statue was sculpted between 1919 and 1922 by John Ashton Floyd, and unveiled on 16 September 1922 by General Sir Ian Hamilton.