Description & Facts: Carcassonne (Occitan: Carcassona) is a protected French townspeople in the Aude département, of which it is the prefecture, in the onetime field of Languedoc. It is distributed into the fortified Cité de Carcassonne and the many distensible inferior municipality, the ville basse. The sept etymology - involving a châtelaine titled Carcas, a manoeuvre point a besieging and the gala ringing of bells ("Carcas sona") - though memorialized in a neo-Gothic work of Mme. Carcas on a tubing warm the Narbonne Receipts, is of redbrick conception. The fortress, which was good restored in 1853 by the theoriser and designer Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, was added to the UNESCO name of Reality Heritage Sites in 1997. Introductory signs of termination in this part hit been dated to roughly 3500 BC, but the comic computer of Carsac - a Celtic place-name that has been preserved at separate sites in the southerly - became an eventful trading abode in the 6th century BC. The Volcae Tectosages secure the oppidum. Carcassonne became strategically identified when Romans protected the crown around 100 BC and yet made it the colonia of Julia Carsaco, afterwards Carcasum (the outgrowth of swapping consonant is a reaction). The important voice of the subordinate courses of the northern ramparts dates from Gallo-Roman times. In 462 the Book officially ceded Septimania to the Visigothic tycoon Theodoric II who had held Carcassonne since 453; he shapely solon fortifications at Carcassonne, which was a frontier spot on the boreal marches: traces of them works defense. Theodoric is cerebration to somebody begun the predecessor of the basilica that is now devoted to Venerate Nazaire. In 508 the Visigoths successfully foiled attacks by the European contender Frank. Saracens from Barcelona took Carcassonne in 725, but Reverend Pepin the Clipped (Pépin le Bref) drove them inaccurate in 759-60; though he took most of the southerly of France fiefdom, the county of Carcassonne, harnessed the port and its environs. It was ofttimes coupled with the County of Razès. The origins of Carcassonne as a county likely lie in anaesthetic representatives of the Visigoths, but the firstly calculate known by itemise is Bello of the time of Carlovingian. Bello supported a dynasty, the Bellonids, which would generality many honores in Septimania and District for leash centuries. In 1067 Carcassonne became the construct of Raimond Bernard Trencavel, peer of Albi and Nîmes, through his rite with Ermengard, missy of the end separate of Carcassonne. In the masses centuries the Trencavel stock confederative in activity either with the counts of Port or of City. They built the Château Comtal and the Basilica of Saint-Nazaire. In 1096 Saint Urbanized II fortunate the fundament stones of the new cathedral, a Christian stronghold against the Cathars. Carcassonne became famous in its part in the Albigensian Crusades, when the port was a defense of occitan cathars. In Revered 1209 the crusading service of Songster de Earl unnatural its citizens to yield. After capturing Raymond-Roger de Trencavel, imprisoning him and allowing him to die, Earl made himself the new peer. He supplemental to the fortifications. Carcassonne became a touch citadel between Writer and the domain of Dominion (Espana). In 1240 Trencavel's son tried to reconquer his old arena but in vain. The city submitted to the harness of the orbit of France in 1247, and Vocalist Gladiator IX founded the new air of the town crossways the river. He and his equal Prince III built the outmost ramparts. Contemporary view comfort thoughtful the defence unattackable. During the Hundred Years' War, Prince the Wicked Consort unsuccessful to bonk the municipality in 1355, although his troops desolated the Secondary Municipality. In 1659, the Accord of the Pyrenees transferred the borderline sphere of Roussillon to Writer, and Carcassonne's personnel signification was reduced.